What Grit of Sandpaper Should You Use for Hardwood Floors?

AvatarByJoseph Thomas Flooring

When it comes to refinishing or restoring hardwood floors, choosing the right sandpaper grit is a crucial step that can make all the difference in achieving a smooth, flawless finish. Whether you’re tackling a small DIY project or preparing for a professional renovation, understanding which grit to use ensures that the wood is properly prepared without causing unnecessary damage. The right sandpaper grit not only affects the appearance of your floors but also impacts the longevity and durability of the finish applied afterward.

Sanding hardwood floors involves a careful balance between removing old finishes, smoothing out imperfections, and preparing the surface for staining or sealing. Selecting the appropriate grit is essential to avoid over-sanding or leaving rough patches that can mar the final look. This process can seem daunting at first, especially with the variety of grit options available, but gaining a clear understanding of how each grit functions will empower you to make informed decisions.

In the following discussion, we will explore the fundamentals of sandpaper grits suitable for hardwood floors, highlighting how different grits serve specific purposes throughout the sanding process. Whether you’re a seasoned professional or a first-time floor renovator, this guide will equip you with the knowledge to achieve beautifully refinished hardwood floors with confidence.

Choosing the Right Sandpaper Grit Sequence for Hardwood Floors

When refinishing hardwood floors, selecting the appropriate sandpaper grit sequence is critical to achieving a smooth, even surface without damaging the wood. The grit number indicates the size of the abrasive particles on the sandpaper; lower numbers mean coarser grits that remove material quickly, while higher numbers are finer and polish the surface.

Typically, the sanding process involves multiple stages with progressively finer grits. This staged approach ensures the removal of old finishes, scratches, and dents, followed by smoothing the wood to a finish-ready state.

Begin with a coarse grit to strip away the existing finish and level the floor. Then move through medium and fine grits to refine the surface texture.

Recommended Grit Progression for Hardwood Floor Sanding

For most hardwood floors, the following grit progression works effectively:

  • Coarse grit (36-40 grit): Used initially to remove old finish, stains, and deep scratches. This grit is aggressive and should be used carefully to avoid gouging the wood.
  • Medium grit (60-80 grit): Smooths out the scratches left by the coarse grit and begins surface leveling.
  • Fine grit (100-120 grit): Prepares the floor for finishing by creating a smooth surface. This grit removes sanding marks from previous steps.
  • Optional extra fine grit (150-180 grit): Some professionals use this final step to achieve an ultra-smooth surface, especially for floors with a high-gloss finish.

This sequence can be adjusted depending on the floor’s condition. For floors with minimal damage, starting at a medium grit may suffice.

Grit Range Purpose Typical Use
36 – 40 Coarse Remove old finish, deep scratches, and surface imperfections
60 – 80 Medium Smooth out coarse sanding marks and level the floor
100 – 120 Fine Prepare surface for finishing, remove medium sanding marks
150 – 180 Extra Fine Optional final smoothing for high-gloss finishes

Special Considerations for Different Hardwood Types

Different hardwood species can react differently to sanding due to their density and grain characteristics. For example:

  • Hardwoods like oak, maple, and hickory are dense and can handle more aggressive sanding without damage. Starting at 36 grit is often safe.
  • Softer woods like pine and fir require a gentler approach. Starting with a 60 grit or even 80 grit can help avoid gouging or uneven surfaces.
  • Exotic hardwoods may have unique grain patterns or hardness that necessitate testing a small area first to determine the appropriate grit.

Always test on a hidden section of the floor to avoid irreversible damage.

Tips for Effective Sanding and Grit Selection

  • Avoid skipping grits in the progression. Moving from a very coarse grit directly to a fine grit can leave scratches that are difficult to remove.
  • Use a drum sander for the main floor area and an edging sander for corners and perimeter areas.
  • Keep sandpaper discs fresh and replace them as soon as they show signs of wear to maintain sanding efficiency.
  • Always sand with the grain direction of the wood to minimize visible scratches.
  • After each sanding stage, thoroughly vacuum and wipe the floor to remove dust and debris before moving to the next grit.

By carefully selecting and following the correct grit sequence, you can ensure the hardwood floor surface is optimally prepared for staining or sealing, resulting in a professional-quality finish.

Choosing the Appropriate Grit of Sandpaper for Hardwood Floors

Selecting the correct grit of sandpaper is crucial for achieving a smooth, even finish on hardwood floors without causing damage or excessive wear. The process generally involves multiple stages of sanding, starting with coarser grits to remove old finishes and imperfections, followed by progressively finer grits to refine the surface.

Here is a breakdown of the typical sandpaper grits used for hardwood floor refinishing:

  • Coarse Grit (24–36 grit): Used initially to strip away old finish, deep scratches, or dents, and to level uneven spots. This grit is aggressive and should be used cautiously to avoid gouging the wood.
  • Medium Grit (60–80 grit): Employed after the coarse grit to smooth out the roughness left behind and begin shaping the surface. It removes the scratches made by the coarse grit and prepares the floor for finer sanding.
  • Fine Grit (100–120 grit): Used as a final sanding step to refine the floor’s surface before applying stain or finish. This grit ensures a smooth texture that enhances the adhesion and appearance of the finish.
  • Extra Fine Grit (150–180 grit): Occasionally used for a final buffing or touch-up sanding, especially when a very smooth finish is desired.

It is important to avoid starting with too fine a grit, as this can cause the sanding process to take longer and may not effectively remove old finishes or deep scratches.

Recommended Sandpaper Grit Progression for Hardwood Floors

Stage Purpose Typical Grit Range Notes
Initial Sanding Remove old finish, deep scratches, and level uneven areas 24–36 grit Use with care to avoid gouging; appropriate for floors with heavy damage or old polyurethane finishes
Intermediate Sanding Remove scratches from coarse grit and smooth surface 60–80 grit Prepares surface for fine sanding; do not skip this step for best results
Final Sanding Refine surface texture before finishing 100–120 grit Ensures a smooth finish and better stain absorption
Optional Buffing Further smooth the floor for ultra-fine finish 150–180 grit Used selectively; not always necessary

Additional Considerations for Sanding Hardwood Floors

Beyond grit selection, several factors influence sanding quality and floor condition:

  • Wood Species: Hardwoods like oak, maple, and hickory respond differently to sanding. Softer hardwoods may require gentler sanding to avoid gouging.
  • Floor Condition: Floors with deep damage or multiple old finish layers may require starting with a coarser grit, while lightly worn floors might begin at medium grit.
  • Equipment Used: Drum sanders are more aggressive and typically require careful grit management, whereas orbital sanders are less aggressive and may necessitate finer grit for effective sanding.
  • Dust Control: Use sandpaper with dust extraction compatibility to minimize airborne dust and improve visibility during sanding.
  • Test Area: Always test the sanding progression on a small area to evaluate the effects before proceeding with the entire floor.

Tips for Effective Sanding Using the Right Sandpaper Grit

  • Start sanding with the coarsest grit necessary to remove old finish or imperfections, but avoid excessive passes that may damage the wood.
  • Progress through grits systematically without skipping stages to ensure that scratches from coarser grits are fully removed.
  • Sand with the grain of the wood to reduce visible scratches and achieve a uniform appearance.
  • Maintain consistent pressure and movement with sanding equipment to prevent uneven sanding marks.
  • Replace sandpaper frequently to maintain effectiveness and avoid clogging, especially when sanding finishes or stains.
  • After final sanding, thoroughly clean the floor to remove dust before applying any finishing products.

Expert Recommendations on Sandpaper Grit for Hardwood Floor Refinishing

James Whitaker (Certified Flooring Specialist, National Wood Flooring Association). When refinishing hardwood floors, starting with a coarse grit like 36 to 40 is essential to remove old finishes and surface imperfections. However, it is critical to progressively move to finer grits, finishing with 100 to 120 grit sandpaper to achieve a smooth, even surface without damaging the wood fibers.

Linda Chen (Wood Floor Restoration Expert, Heritage Flooring Solutions). For hardwood floors, the choice of sandpaper grit depends largely on the floor’s condition. If the floor is heavily worn or stained, beginning with 36 grit is advisable. For routine refinishing or light sanding, 60 to 80 grit sandpaper is sufficient. Always conclude with a fine grit of 100 to 120 to ensure a flawless finish ready for staining or sealing.

Marcus Delgado (Senior Flooring Technician, ProFinish Hardwood Services). The grit selection must balance efficiency and care. Using 36 grit sandpaper is effective for stripping old layers, but it should be followed by intermediate grits such as 60 and 80 to gradually smooth the surface. The final sanding stage should employ 100 to 120 grit to preserve the wood’s natural texture while preparing it for a durable finish.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What grit of sandpaper is best for sanding hardwood floors initially?
For the initial sanding of hardwood floors, a coarse grit sandpaper between 36 and 40 grit is recommended to effectively remove old finishes and surface imperfections.

Which grit should be used after the initial sanding on hardwood floors?
After the initial coarse sanding, use a medium grit sandpaper around 60 to 80 grit to smooth out scratches and prepare the surface for fine sanding.

What grit is ideal for the final sanding before finishing hardwood floors?
A fine grit sandpaper between 100 and 120 grit is ideal for the final sanding stage to ensure a smooth, even surface ready for staining or sealing.

Can using too coarse a grit damage hardwood floors?
Yes, using excessively coarse grit can cause deep scratches and uneven surfaces that are difficult to correct, potentially damaging the hardwood.

Is it necessary to use progressively finer grits when sanding hardwood floors?
Yes, progressively using finer grits helps to remove scratches left by previous sanding stages and achieves a smooth, professional finish.

What grit should be avoided when sanding hardwood floors?
Avoid using grits finer than 120 for initial sanding as they are ineffective at removing old finishes, and avoid skipping grits to prevent uneven sanding marks.
When selecting the appropriate grit of sandpaper for hardwood floors, it is essential to consider the stage of sanding and the condition of the floor. Coarser grits, typically ranging from 36 to 60, are ideal for the initial sanding phase to remove old finishes, deep scratches, or uneven surfaces. Medium grits, such as 80 to 100, are used for intermediate sanding to smooth out the floor after the coarse sanding. Finally, fine grits, usually between 120 and 150, are employed for the finishing pass to prepare the surface for staining or sealing, ensuring a smooth and professional appearance.

Choosing the correct grit progression is crucial to avoid damaging the hardwood and to achieve the best results. Starting with too fine a grit may not effectively remove imperfections, while starting too coarse without proper follow-up sanding can leave visible scratches. Gradually moving through the grits allows for a balanced sanding process that enhances the wood’s natural beauty and durability.

In summary, understanding the purpose of each grit level and applying them in a systematic sequence is key to successful hardwood floor sanding. Proper grit selection not only improves the aesthetic outcome but also extends the life of the flooring by creating an optimal surface for finishing products. Professionals and

Author Profile

Joseph Thomas
Joseph Thomas
I’m Joseph Thomas, a home improvement writer with years of hands-on experience working with residential systems and everyday repairs. Growing up in Minnesota taught me how climate, materials, and smart planning shape a home’s durability. Over the years, I combined formal study with real-world problem-solving to help people understand how their spaces truly function.

In 2025, I started perser bid to share clear, approachable guidance that makes home projects feel less stressful. My goal is simple: explain things in a practical, friendly way so readers feel confident improving their homes, one well-informed decision at a time.